Once upon a time, a 5 speed automatic transmission was the height of automotive technology. But tightening fuel economy standards and powerful engines demand a more advanced transmission. So the German transmission company ZF began developing a 6 speed automatic transmission back in the mid-1990s. They launched their ZF 6HP transmission for the 2001 model year in the BMW 7 Series, and a lower torque capacity variant known as the ZF 6HP19 transmission followed a couple of years later. This gearbox was used in a number of E60 BMW 5-Series, E90 BMW 3-Series, the BMW Z4, and the BMW X3. An all-wheel-drive specific application was referred to as the ZF 6HP19A transmission, and it was used in a number of different vehicles including the B6 and B7 Audi S4.
What Transmission Do I Have?
6HP19 Transmission Specifications
In order to get a high number of the gear ratios into a relatively small case, the ZF 6HP19 transmission employed one standard planetary gear assembly, along with a Ravigneaux gearset that combines two planetary gear assemblies into a single unit. Gear engagement is handled by 5 clutch packs, and the whole gearbox is controlled by a 6HP19 Transmission Control Module called the ZF 6HP Mechatronic module / Mechatronik module. The 6HP19 torque converter can lockup in all 6 gears, and the 6HP19 transmission fluid theoretically did not need to be changed for the lifetime of the gearbox.
ZF 6HP19 Applications
| Model |
|---|
| Lexus GS400 |
| Lexus LS400 |
| Lexus LS430 |
| Lexus RX300 |
| Volvo S40 |
ZF 6HP19 Transmission Problems
6HP19 Solenoid Problems
Problem – The ZF 6HP19 uses 7 different solenoids to control the different gear ratios. When one of the 6HP19 solenoids goes bad, a number of problems can arise. Including: delayed shifts, getting stuck in a gear, refusal to go into a gear, and slipping.
Solution – Since solenoid failures can be the cause of many common 6HP19 transmission problems, the only way to fix them will be to replace the faulty 6HP19 solenoid.
6HP19 Torque Converter Problems
Problem – The 6HP19 torque converter is able to lock up as low as first gear when in Sport Mode, and this can cause excessive wear on the torque converter clutch. As a result, drivers can experience delayed gear engagements, slipping, erratic up/down shifting, transmission overheating, and unusual noises coming from the transmission.
Solution – In order to solve ZF 6HP19 torque converter problems, a new one will have to be installed. However, excessively worn transmission fluid and cooling issues may also need to be addressed.
6HP19 Mechatronic Seal Problems
Problem – The source of many common 6HP19 transmission problems is actually a small seal between the 6HP19 transmission controller (Mechatronic) and the transmission case. When it fails, the transmission will not be able to maintain the proper amount of pressure, resulting in premature failure of the 6HP19 clutches, transmission pump and torque converter clutch.
Solution – A new 6HP19 Mechatronic adapter seal will need to be installed.
6HP19 E Clutch failure / clutch failure
Problem – Clutches are responsible for helping the transfer of power from one gear to the next. They’re lined with friction material that helps the clutches to grab. These wear out over time, or prematurely due to improper maintenance. Symptoms of 6HP19 clutch problems include slipping, delayed shifts, harsh shifts, failed gear engagement, and overheating.
Solution – In order to correct this common 6HP19 transmission problem, the transmission will pretty much have to be rebuilt or replaced.
6HP19 Transmission Specs
General – 6-speed automatic
Application – RWD/AWD/4WD
Variations – 6HP19A (AWD) & 6HP19X (4WD)
Production Began – 2003
Weight – 158 lbs – 169 lbs
Fluid Type – ZF Lifeguard C
Capacity – 8.9 qt
What Transmission Do I Have?
6HP19 Transmission Gear Ratios
First – 4.17
Second – 2.34
Third – 1.52
Fourth – 1.14
Fifth – 0.87
Sixth – 0.69
Reverse – 3.40
